Copyright Statements

1. Overview

All of the academic papers found on this site are subject to copyright restrictions. This page provides an overview of what those restrictions mean.

For each paper posted on ACE's web site, the paper has been posted at the explicit request of one or more of the co-authors. In all cases, the papers are not posted on this web site for any commercial gain; they are posted to enable academic use only. All of the statements below are re-inforcing that simple message, i.e., that the works must not be copied for commercial advantage and are only available for 'normal academic use'.

Some general restrictions apply to all the papers on this site (see section 2. General Restrictions and Permissions). Additionally, where a paper's copyright is held by someone other than the authors, further copyright restrictions apply. These further restrictions are summarised also (see section 3. Specific Restrictions and Permissions)

2. General Restrictions and Permissions

Subject to not contravening any further copyright restrictions (see section 3. Specific Restrictions and Permissions) the authors of these papers grant permission to make digital or hard copies of part or all of these papers for personal or classroom use only, without fee, provided that:-

the copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage;
the copies retain the original copyright citation that was included at the top of the original paper;
the copies include this page of copyright statements.

Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, to republish, to post on servers, or to redistribute to lists requires prior specific permission.

3. Specific Restrictions and Permissions

These restrictions and permissions are provided by the copyright holder (usually the original publisher). None of the permissions mentioned here are allowed to override any of the restrictions described in section 2.

AETT - Association for Educational and Training Technology
Papers for which copyright is held by the AETT (publishers Kogan Page Ltd).
Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988, this publication may only be reproduced, stored or transmitted, in any form or by any means, with the prior permission in writing of the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction in accordance with the terms of licences issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency.

ALT - Association for Learning Technology
Papers for which copyright is held by the ALT.
The right to reproduce the work is granted to the author(s) provided that the work is not offered for sale.

JNT Association.
Papers for which copyright is held by the JNT Association.
Every member of the education and research community in the UK and overseas has the right to use this document, and the right within or for the benefit of that community to perform all the acts restricted by the copyright in the document. The community in the UK means organisations eligible for connection to JANET, SuperJANET or any other electronic networks supported at any time by the UK Department for Education; and it is organisations of that nature which together comprise the community overseas. Copyright in the document, and all other intellectual property rights are reserved to the JNT Association, which must be approached (at the Atlas Centre, Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QS, England) if a licence is required for use outside the community.

Pergammon Press plc
Papers for which copyright is held by Pergammon Press plc.
All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means; electronic, electrostatic, magnetic tape, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without permission in writing from the publisher.

ACE publications